The engineers of  Nizhyn Labs of Scanning Devices (Ukraine) consider the prospects of subsequent development of hydroelectric power stations in Ukraine and other countries are related with the rational use of existing hydrotechnical resources and building of the hydroelectric damless macropower plants with semi-submerged hydro-turbines, which  allow to capture the low-potential energy of slow streams of water.

These hydroelectric power stations have some excellent advantages.

At first, the damless hydroelectric power stations with semi-submerged hydro-turbines in less degree violate the ecological balance of environment.

Secondly, they give the possibility to draw nearer to the remote users the production of electric power and thus to simplify the distributive electric systems.

Thirdly, small hydroelectric power stations give the possibility to regulate loading of networks days and seasonal.

Those hydroelectric power stations, which are built on existing hydrotechnical building, are the most effective power plants.

The hydroenergetic setting with the semi-submerged hydro-turbines includes the turbine system, system of stabilization of speed of rotation, transmission, reducing gear, electrogenerator and electric controller. The turbine system consists of certain number (N_T) of turbines mounted on a general axis. A turbine is set in relation to the stream of water so that the half of its blades is submerged into water and the stream of water is directed perpendicularly to the plane of blades and perpendicularly to the direction of rotation of turbine.

 The diameter of turbine is equal 2R_T, the width of blades of every turbine - l_T. A mechanical axis hardly connects the separate parts of the turbines and passes a turning moment from the turbine system through a transmission and reducing gear to the electrogenerator. The distance between separate turbines is selected in such way to use maximally the pressure of water stream, the width of which is equal to the width of the turbine system L_T, and a height – to the radius of turbine R_T. Thus, the area of cross-section of water stream is determined by expression L_T x R_T.

The system of stabilization provides the permanent speed of rotation of the turbine system at the change of water pressure. A reducing gear increases the frequency of rotation of electrogenerator rotor.

The electrogenerator is the electrodynamics system, which converts the kinetic energy of rotation of the hydro-turbine system into an electric energy.

An electric controller accumulates the electric energy and forms the parameters of an electric current (voltage and frequency), suitable for users or for transmission into the electric network.

By Vasil Sidorov on March 14, 2009 in queltanews.com